Topaz

Mineral Type: Topaz is a silicate mineral with the chemical formula Al₂SiO₄(F, OH)₂.
Hardness: It ranks 8 on the Mohs scale of hardness, making it a durable and hard gemstone, second only to sapphire and ruby among common gemstones.
Color: Pure topaz is colorless. However, trace elements can give it natural colors like golden-brown or yellow. Treatment (heat or radiation) is often used to produce colors like blue, pink, red, and purple.
Cleavage:
Topaz has a perfect cleavage, meaning it can split along certain planes, making it susceptible to chipping or cracking if hit with a sharp blow.


